Cochrane reviews do meta-analyses of all available research on a given topic then present their findings, and many have described them as the “gold standard” for medical research. It’s a great place to get evidence-based information for any medical area, including Pregnancy and Childbirth.
A new Cochrane Review says that the Midwives’ Model of Care (intervening less often, only when medically indicated, instead of as a preventative measure) is the preferred, recommended model for low-risk women and has better outcomes. Here’s the abstract:
Midwife-led versus other models of care for childbearing women
Midwife-led care confers benefits for pregnant women and their babies and is recommended.
In many parts of the world, midwives are the primary providers of care for childbearing women. Elsewhere it may be medical doctors or family physicians who have the main responsibility for care, or the responsibility may be shared. The underpinning philosophy of midwife-led care is normality and being cared for by a known and trusted midwife during labour. There is an emphasis on the natural ability of women to experience birth with minimum intervention. Some models of midwife-led care provide a service through a team of midwives sharing a caseload, often called ‘team’ midwifery. Another model is ‘caseload midwifery’, where the aim is to offer greater continuity of caregiver throughout the episode of care. Caseload midwifery aims to ensure that the woman receives all her care from one midwife or her/his practice partner. By contrast, medical-led models of care are where an obstetrician or family physician is primarily responsible for care. In shared-care models, responsibility is shared between different healthcare professionals.
The review of midwife-led care covered midwives providing care antenatally, during labour and postnatally. This was compared with models of medical-led care and shared care, and identified 11 trials, involving 12,276 women. Midwife-led care was associated with several benefits for mothers and babies, and had no identified adverse effects. The main benefits were a reduced risk of losing a baby before 24 weeks. Also during labour, there was a reduced use of regional analgesia, with fewer episiotomies or instrumental births. Midwife-led care also increased the woman’s chance of being cared for in labour by a midwife she had got to know. It also increased the chance of a spontaneous vaginal birth and initiation of breastfeeding. In addition, midwife-led care led to more women feeling they were in control during labour. There was no difference in risk of a mother losing her baby after 24 weeks. The review concluded that all women should be offered midwife-led models of care.
Although in recent months with the closing of the birth center and several midwives leaving town our options are more limited, there are still a few practicing midwives here in the Tri-Cities, for both home and hospital birth. Also remember that some midwives practice more like docs, and vice versa. There are obstetricians who practice more closely to the Midwives’ Model of Care than to a typical doctor. Asking pointed questions in an office visit can help you understand the usual ways of practice of any provider.
If you are looking for a midwife/midwifery practice and your local hospital does not offer one, speak up! It will be impossible for the hospital to get one in time for your birth, but if enough people express interest you might just pay it forward to pregnant women who come after you.